Flutes
Generally, tools with more flutes have a larger core and smaller flute valleys than tools with fewer flutes. Traditionally, end mills came in either a 2 flute or 4 flute option. The widely accepted rule of thumb was to use 2 flutes for machining aluminum and non-ferrous materials, and 4 flutes for machining steel and harder alloys. Endmills, however, can come in flute varieties of up to 8. Recently, with more advanced machines and toolpaths, higher flute count tools have become the norm in manufacturing.
Endmill Shapes
- Square End – This tip is used generally for slotting, side milling and shoulder milling.
- Ball End – Used for profile machining and pick feed milling.
- End Radius – Used for corner radius milling and contouring.